Monopolization of violations
Policing of society takes place by giving the police sole authority to use force.
Good old Max Weber (1864 - 1920) provided political science with the dictum, that the state must seek to become a monopoly of violence. The idea is as old as cities, that the police is the societal force that can violate members of the polity with impunity: the state strives to monopolize the use of force, detering the population from trespasing the law, we say, because it is not possible to achieve a complete monopolization of violations in society. Violation is subjective but can be sanctioned through the legal system with the aid of the police. In many polities, this effort is lacking substantively in effect. In this cases we say that the polity has infrastructural issues, for instance in the case of states where alternative monopolization of violations occur. This is of great concern to the global polity, because infrastructural issues may lead to intra-structural issues and inter-structural issues, as when alternative monopolizations of violations result in deterioration of legitimacy and destabilization of entities, involving neighboring polities and regional powers.